Primary Spinal Intradural Ewing Sarcoma pada Anak: Sebuah Laporan Kasus di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Sari
Ewing Sarcoma (ES) merupakan kanker tulang primer nomor dua paling umum pada pasien anak. Manifestasi ekstraskeletal dari Sarkoma Ewing pada anak sangat jarang, terutama di rongga intradural pada tulang belakang.
Penulis melaporkan sebuah kasus yaitu seorang anak berusia 14 tahun yang dirujuk ke departemen kami dengan Sarkoma Ewing pada tulang vertebrae T11. Pasien sebelumnya mengeluh nyeri punggung bawah yang progresif disertai paraparesis dan kesulitan miksi. MRI spinal menunjukkan massa intradura ekstramedulla setinggi tulang vertebrae T11 tanpa perubahan patologis dari tulang vertebrae. Pasien menjalani laminektomi torakal dan memperoleh gross total resection. Diagnosis Sarkoma Ewing ditegakkan dari pemeriksaan histopatologi dan immunohistokimia. PET/CT pasca operasi menunjukkan tangkapan FDG minimal di intradura T11 tanpa gambaran metastasis. Keputusan dari pertemuan multidisiplin tumor board adalah kemoterapi adjuvan diikuti radioterapi lokal. Pasca kemoterapi, rencana pemberian radioterapi ditunda akibat pandemi COVID-19. Pasien dijadwalkan untuk kontrol rutin dan MRI spinal per 3 bulan.
Literatur menunjukkan diagnosis primary spinal intradural Ewing Sarcoma ditegakkan melalui pemeriksaan immunohistokimia dan/atau profil molekuler dengan pemeriksaan penunjang menyeluruh untuk menyingkirkan kemungkinan primer di daerah lain. Terapi diberikan sesuai penatalaksanaan untuk sarkoma ewing pada tulang yaitu kombinasi operasi diikuti kemoterapi dan radioterapi. Peran radioterapi pada Ewing Sarcoma ekstraskeletal saat ini terbatas untuk kontrol lokal dan direkomendasikan pasca reseksi subtotal. Radioterapi adjuvan dapat dihindari pada masa pandemi COVID-19 bila terbukti tidak meningkatkan kesintasan.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
PDFReferensi
Balamuth NJ, Womer RB. Ewing's sarcoma. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(2):184-192.
Gurria JP, Dasgupta R. Rhabdomyosarcoma and Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma. Children (Basel). 2018;5(12):165.
Lu VM, Goyal A, Alvi MA, Kerezoudis P, Haddock MG, Bydon M. Primary intradural Ewing's sarcoma of the spine: a systematic review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2019 Feb;177:12-19.
Kordi R, Rostami M. Low back pain in children and adolescents: an algorithmic clinical approach. Iran J Pediatr. 2011;21(3):259‐270.
Traul DE, Shaffrey ME, Schiff D. Part I: spinal-cord neoplasms-intradural neoplasms. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8(1):35‐45.
Dirks P. Pediatric Spinal Intradural Extramedullary Tumors. In: Tonn JC, Westphal M, Rutka JT, editors. Oncology of CNS Tumors. 2nd Edition. Berlin: Springer; 2010. p. 663-6.
Karikari IO, Mehta AI, Nimjee S, Hodges TR, Tibaleka J, Montgomery C, et al. Primary intradural extraosseous Ewing sarcoma of the spine: case report and literature review. Neurosurgery. 2011;69(4):E995-E999.
Abul-Kasim K, Thurnher MM, McKeever P, Sundgren PC. Intradural spinal tumors: current classification and MRI features. Neuroradiology. 2008;50(4):301-314.
de Alava E. Ewing Sarcoma, an Update on Molecular Pathology with Therapeutic Implications. Surg Pathol Clin. 2017;10(3):575‐585.
Takami H, Kumar R, Brown DA, Krauss WE. Histologic Features and Prognosis of Spinal Intradural Extramedullary Ewing Sarcoma: Case Report, Literature Review, and Analysis of Prognosis. World Neurosurg. 2018;115:448‐452.e2.
Sharma S, Kamala R, Nair D, Ragavendra TR, Mhatre S, Sabharwal R, et al. Round Cell Tumors: Classification and Immunohistochemistry. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2017;38(3):349-353.
Tural D, Molinas Mandel N, Dervisoglu S, Oner Dincbas F, Koca S, Colpan Oksuz D, et al. Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors in adults: prognostic factors and clinical outcome. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2012;42(5):420‐426.
Paterakis KN, Brotis A, Dardiotis E, Giannis T, Tzerefos C, Fountas KN. Multimodality treatment of intradural extramedullary Ewing's sarcomas. A systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;164:169‐181.
Bestic JM, Peterson JJ, Bancroft LW. Use of FDG PET in Staging, Restaging, and Assessment of Therapy Response in Ewing Sarcoma. RadioGraphics. 2009;29:1487-1501.
Saiz AM Jr, Gingrich AA, Canter RJ, Kirane AR, Monjazeb AM, Randall RL, et al. Role of Radiation Therapy in Adult Extraskeletal Ewing's Sarcoma Patients Treated with Chemotherapy and Surgery. Sarcoma. 2019;2019:5413527.
Chihak MA, Ahmed SK, Lachance DH, Nageswara Rao AA, Laack NN. Patterns of failure and optimal radiotherapy target volumes in primary intradural extramedullary Ewing sarcoma. Acta Oncol. 2016;55(8):1057‐1061.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. COVID-19 rapid guideline: delivery of radiotherapy [internet]. London: NICE; 2020 [cited 23 May 2020]. 16 p. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng162/resources/covid19-rapid-guideline-delivery-of-radiotherapy-pdf-66141897390277.
Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center. Cancer Services Prioritization Guidelines for COVID-19 [internet]. California: UCSF; 2020 [cited 23 May 2020]. 41 p. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/covid-19/pdf/Cancer_Services_Patient_Prioritization_Guidelines.pdf.
Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Onkologi Radiasi Indonesia. Pedoman Pelayanan Onkologi Radiasi pada Pandemi COVID-19 [internet]. Jakarta: PORI; 2020 [cited 23 May 2020]. 32 p. Available from: http://www.pori.or.id/educational-resources/pedoman-pelayanan-onkologi-radiasi-pada-pandemi-covid-19.
Simcock R, Thomas TV, Estes C, Filippi AR, Katz MA, Pereira IJ, et al. COVID-19: Global radiation oncology's targeted response for pandemic preparedness. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol. 2020;22:55-68.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Bone Cancer [internet]. Version 1.2020. Pennsylvania: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; 2020 [Cited July 3, 2020]. 96 p. Available from: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/bone.pdf.
Fernandez-Vicioso, E., & Ruiz-Cruces, R. Quality control in radiotherapy treatment: Radiation induced myelopathy [internet]. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); 2001 [Cited July 3, 2020]. 4 p. Report no.: IAEA-CSP--7/P. Available from: https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/32/039/32039944.pdf?r=1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32532/jori.v11i1.106 <
Article metrics
Abstract views : 1400 | views : 928Refbacks
- Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.